How Qiyamah is Described in the Quran

 

Qiyamah, or the Day of Judgment, is one of the central beliefs in Islam. It represents the final reckoning of all human beings, where every individual will be judged by Allah (SWT) for their deeds during their life on Earth.

It is a day of ultimate justice and fairness, where the righteous will be rewarded with eternal bliss in Paradise, and the wrongdoers will face punishment in Hell. The concept of Qiyamah is mentioned extensively throughout the Qur’an, with vivid descriptions of the events that will unfold on this momentous day.

In addition to the Qur’an, the Hadith literature further elaborates on the signs, events, and consequences associated with Qiyamah. This blog post will explore how Qiyamah is described in the Qur’an and Hadith, with references in both Arabic and English.

The Qur’anic Descriptions of Qiyamah

 

The Qur’an contains numerous verses that describe the Day of Judgment, its signs, and the events that will transpire on that day. These descriptions serve as a reminder for believers to remain conscious of their actions and to prepare for the Hereafter.

The Day of Judgment is Inevitable

In several places in the Qur’an, Allah (SWT) makes it clear that the Day of Judgment is certain and will inevitably come to pass. The occurrence of Qiyamah is not a matter of possibility but a certainty. Allah (SWT) says in Surah Al-Qiyamah (75:6-9):

يَقُولُ الْإِنسَانُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَيْنَ الْمَفَرُّ
“The human being will say on that Day, ‘Where is the escape?'”
كَلَّا لَا وَزَرَ
“No! There is no refuge.”
إِلَى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُسْتَقَرٌّ
“To your Lord, that Day, is the place of rest.”
يُنَبَّأُ الإِنسَانُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِمَا قَدَّمَ وَأَخَّرَ
“Man will be informed that Day of what he sent ahead and kept back.”
بَلِ الإِنسَانُ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ بَصِيرَةٌ
“But man will be evidence against himself, even if he presents his excuses.” (Quran 75:6-9)

This passage describes the moment when every individual will realize that there is no escape from the inevitable truth of Qiyamah. They will be confronted with the consequences of their actions, and their excuses will be of no use.

The Earth Will Be Transformed

One of the most striking aspects of Qiyamah is the transformation of the Earth. The Qur’an describes how the Earth will be shaken and altered before the final judgment. In Surah Al-Zalzalah (99:1-8), Allah (SWT) speaks about the catastrophic shaking of the Earth:

إِذَا زُلْزِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ زِلْزَالَهَا
“When the earth is shaken with its [final] earthquake.”
وَأَخْرَجَتِ الْأَرْضُ أَثْقَالَهَا
“And the earth discharges its burdens.”
وَقَالَ الْإِنسَانُ مَا لَهَا
“And man says, ‘What is [wrong] with it?’ “
يَوْمَئِذٍ تُحَدِّثُ أَخْبَارَهَا
“That Day, it will report its news.”
بِأَنَّ رَبَّكَ أَوْحَىٰ لَهَا
“Because your Lord has commanded it.”
يَوْمَئِذٍ يَصْدُرُ النَّاسُ أَشْتَاتًا لِّيُرَوْا أَعْمَالَهُمْ
“That Day, the people will depart separated [into categories] to be shown [the result of] their deeds.”
فَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ
“So whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it.”
وَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ
“And whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it.” (Quran 99:1-8)

This Surah emphasizes the immense change that will take place on the Earth during Qiyamah, where the Earth itself will bear witness to the deeds of humanity.

The Heavens Will Collapse

Along with the transformation of the Earth, the heavens will also collapse and be altered. In Surah At-Takwir (81:1-14), Allah (SWT) describes the sky’s collapse and the cosmic upheaval that will occur:

إِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَتْ
“When the sun (with its light and heat) is folded up.”
وَإِذَا النُّجُومُ انْكَدَرَتْ
“And when the stars fall, scattering.”
وَإِذَا الْجِبَالُ سُيِّرَتْ
“And when the mountains are made to pass away.”
وَإِذَا الْعِشَارُ عُطِّلَتْ
“And when the pregnant camels are neglected.”
وَإِذَا الْوُحُوشُ حُشِرَتْ
“And when the wild animals are gathered.”
وَإِذَا الْبِحَارُ فُجِّرَتْ
“And when the seas are erupted.”
وَإِذَا النُّفُوسُ زُوِّجَتْ
“And when the souls are reunited.” (Quran 81:1-14)

This Surah provides a dramatic portrayal of the cataclysmic changes that will occur in the universe, symbolizing the vastness and seriousness of Qiyamah.

The Resurrection and the Gathering of Mankind

On the Day of Judgment, all human beings will be resurrected and gathered for judgment. They will be brought back to life from their graves, regardless of how they lived or where they died. Allah (SWT) describes this event in Surah Ya-Sin (36:51-52):

وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَإِذَا هُمْ مِنَ الْأَجْدَاثِ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَنسِلُونَ
“And the Horn will be blown, and at once they will be from the graves to their Lord, racing.”
قَالُوا يَا وَيْلَنَا مَنْ بَعَثَنَا مِن مَّرْقَدِنَا
“They will say, ‘Woe to us! Who has raised us up from our place of sleep?'”
هَذَا مَا وَعَدَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ وَصَدَقَ الْمُرْسَلُونَ
“This is what the Most Merciful had promised, and the messengers spoke truth.” (Quran 36:51-52)

This passage describes the resurrection of humanity, a moment of awe and realization when people will realize that the Day of Judgment has arrived, and they will be held accountable for their deeds.

The Judgment and the Scales

On Qiyamah, every individual’s deeds will be weighed on a scale, and they will be judged based on the balance of their good and bad deeds. In Surah Al-A’raf (7:8-9), Allah (SWT) describes the weighing of deeds:

وَفَزْنَاهُ بِالْمِيزَانِ الْقِسْطِ
“And the weighing [of deeds] will be just.”
وَمَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمْ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
“And whoever’s scales are heavy – those are the successful.”
وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ فِى جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدُونَ
“And whoever’s scales are light – those are the ones who have lost their souls [to Hell], abiding eternally therein.” (Quran 7:8-9)

The scales symbolize the justice of Allah (SWT), where each individual’s actions will be weighed fairly, and their final destination (Paradise or Hell) will be determined accordingly.

How Qiyamah is Described in the Quran

The Role of Prophets and Books in the Judgment

 

The prophets and the revealed books will play a central role in the judgment of humanity. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) will be the leader of the ummah and will intercede for his followers, asking Allah for their forgiveness. The Qur’an, as the final and complete revelation, will also serve as a witness against or for individuals on the Day of Judgment.

The Qur’anic Descriptions of the People on the Day of Judgment

On the Day of Judgment, people will be categorized based on their deeds. There will be those who will be rewarded with eternal bliss in Paradise, while others will be condemned to eternal punishment in Hell. Allah (SWT) describes this division in Surah Al-Waqi’ah (56:7-11):

وَكُنتُمْ أَزْوَاجًا ثَلاثَةً
“And you will be three kinds:”
فَأَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ
“And the companions of the right – what are the companions of the right?”
وَأَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ
“And the companions of the left – what are the companions of the left?”
وَالسَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ
“And the foremost [in faith] will be the foremost [in reward].” (Quran 56:7-11)

Conclusion

 

Qiyamah, the Day of Judgment, is a day of unimaginable events and ultimate justice. The Qur’an provides numerous descriptions of the Day, from the shaking of the Earth to the resurrection of humanity and the weighing of deeds. It emphasizes the certainty of this event and the categorization of people based on their actions in this world.

The Day of Judgment serves as a powerful reminder for Muslims to live righteously, seek knowledge, and prepare for the inevitable moment when they will stand before Allah (SWT). Both the Qur’an and the Hadith provide detailed accounts of the signs and events that will unfold, urging believers to remain steadfast in their faith and to be conscious of their actions in this life, knowing that every action will be accounted for on the Day of Judgment.

 

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